Learn how to use Google Search Console data to improve your rankings, fix technical issues, and track keyword performance for ongoing SEO optimization.
_______________________________

Google Search Console Guide: Using Data to Improve Your Rankings

Key Takeaways

  • Google Search Console gives you direct data on how Google sees your site, including clicks, impressions, and average position for every keyword you rank for.
  • The Performance report is your starting point for measuring SEO success and spotting pages that are close to breaking into the top positions.
  • Coverage and Core Web Vitals reports surface technical issues that silently hold back your rankings.
  • Regular monitoring, not one-time setup, is what separates sites that improve from sites that stall.
  • You do not need a paid tool to act on this data. Search Console alone can drive meaningful ranking improvements when used consistently.

Google Search Console is one of the most actionable free tools available for measuring SEO success, yet most site owners either ignore it or only check it when something breaks. That is a significant missed opportunity. The data inside Search Console tells you exactly which pages are gaining traction, which keywords are generating impressions without clicks, and where technical problems are preventing Google from properly reading your content. Used consistently, it becomes the engine behind ongoing SEO optimization rather than just a reporting dashboard.

This page walks through the core reports, what to look for in each, and how to turn raw data into decisions that move your rankings forward.

Understanding the Performance Report for Keyword Tracking

The Performance report is the most direct tool you have for keyword performance tracking. It shows total clicks, total impressions, average click-through rate (CTR), and average position for every query that triggered your pages in Google Search over a selected date range.

Start by setting your date range to the last 90 days. This gives you enough data to identify patterns rather than reacting to single-day noise. Sort queries by impressions descending. What you are looking for are keywords where your average position sits between 8 and 20. These are your “near-miss” keywords, pages that Google already considers relevant but has not yet pushed into the top results. A focused round of content improvements, internal linking, or page speed optimization on those specific pages often produces the fastest ranking gains.

Next, look at CTR alongside position. If a page ranks in position 3 but has a below-average CTR, the issue is usually the title tag or meta description. According to Backlinko (2024), the first organic result in Google gets an average CTR of 27.6%, while position 3 drops to around 11%. A 2% difference in CTR across thousands of impressions translates into real traffic. Rewriting a title tag to be more specific and benefit-driven is one of the lowest-effort, highest-impact changes you can make based on this data.

You can also filter by page rather than query. Clicking on a specific URL shows you every keyword driving impressions to that page, which helps you identify whether a page is ranking for the right intent or drifting toward unrelated searches.

The Performance report is the foundation of keyword performance tracking inside Google Search Console, giving you position, CTR, and impression data for every query connected to your site. Sorting by impressions and filtering by position range lets you identify which pages are closest to meaningful ranking improvements. Addressing CTR gaps through title and description updates is often the fastest win this report surfaces.

Using Coverage and Indexing Reports to Find Technical Issues

Identifying technical issues early prevents rankings from deteriorating without an obvious cause. The Coverage report, now labeled “Pages” in newer versions of Search Console, shows you the indexing status of every URL Google has attempted to process on your site.

The report divides URLs into four categories: Error, Valid with warnings, Valid, and Excluded. Pay close attention to the Error category first. Common errors include pages returning 404 status codes, server errors (5xx), and redirect errors. Each of these tells Google it cannot reliably access your content, which directly affects how those pages perform in search.

The Excluded section deserves more attention than most site owners give it. Pages marked as “Crawled, currently not indexed” or “Discovered, currently not indexed” are not errors in the traditional sense, but they signal that Google found the pages and chose not to include them in its index. This often happens with thin content, duplicate content, or pages that lack sufficient internal links pointing to them. Addressing these exclusions can bring real pages into the index without creating any new content.

According to Google Search Central (2024), Googlebot uses a combination of crawl budget, page quality signals, and site structure to determine what gets indexed. Sites with large numbers of low-quality or duplicate URLs can exhaust crawl budget before Google reaches the pages that actually matter.

The Core Web Vitals report, found under the Experience section, connects directly to page performance. Pages flagged as “Poor” are actively disadvantaged in ranking, since Google uses Core Web Vitals as a ranking signal. The report segments issues by metric type (LCP, FID/INP, CLS) and groups affected URLs so you can batch fixes rather than addressing pages one at a time.

The Coverage and Core Web Vitals reports are where Google Search Console surfaces the technical issues that limit how well your pages can rank. Errors block indexing outright, while exclusions and poor performance scores reduce ranking potential for pages Google has already found. Resolving these issues is a direct input into monitoring ranking progress because it removes obstacles before they compound.

Building a Consistent Monitoring Routine for Ongoing SEO Optimization

Ongoing SEO optimization does not happen through occasional check-ins. It requires a repeatable monitoring routine that connects data to action on a regular schedule. Search Console supports this with email alerts for manual actions and security issues, but the bulk of useful monitoring is manual.

A practical monthly routine looks like this:

  1. Check the Performance report for ranking shifts: Compare the current 28-day period to the previous 28-day period using the date comparison feature. Any page that dropped more than three positions in average ranking warrants a closer look at what changed, whether that is a content update, a new competitor page, or a technical issue.
  2. Review new Coverage errors: Open the Pages report and filter for errors added in the last 30 days. New errors that were not present last month often trace back to recent site changes like plugin updates, URL restructuring, or template modifications.
  3. Audit the links report: Search Console’s Links section shows your top internally linked pages and top externally linked pages. If a page you want to rank well has few internal links pointing to it, that is a quick fix you can make inside your own site.
  4. Track your target keywords week over week: Create a filtered view for your five to ten most important queries and monitor their average position. A consistent upward trend confirms your efforts are working. A plateau signals it is time to revisit the page.

According to Moz (2023), Google updates its search rankings continuously, with significant algorithm updates occurring multiple times per year. Sites that monitor consistently catch drops within days rather than months, giving them a narrower window to diagnose and respond.

“Data without action is just noise. The value of Search Console comes from what you do after you look at it.”

John Mueller, Search Advocate at Google

Setting a recurring calendar block for Search Console review, even 30 minutes per month, builds the habit that separates sites growing in organic traffic from those stuck in place. The goal is not to react to every data point, but to identify the 20% of changes that drive 80% of your ranking movement.

Ongoing SEO optimization depends on treating Search Console as a recurring workflow rather than a one-time setup. A structured monthly routine covering rankings, indexing errors, and internal links connects data directly to decisions that improve measuring SEO success over time. Consistency in monitoring is what allows you to catch problems early and confirm what is working.

Key Takeaways

  • The Performance report reveals near-miss keywords ranking between positions 8 and 20, which represent your highest-return optimization opportunities.
  • Low CTR on well-ranked pages usually points to title tag and meta description issues, not a content problem.
  • Coverage errors and “not indexed” exclusions show you exactly where Google is being blocked or choosing to skip your pages.
  • Core Web Vitals scores directly affect rankings and can be addressed in batches using the groupings Search Console provides.
  • A simple monthly review routine, tied to specific actions, turns Search Console from a reporting tool into a ranking improvement system.

Frequently Asked Questions

How often should I check Google Search Console?

For most small to mid-sized sites, a monthly review of the Performance, Coverage, and Core Web Vitals reports is enough to catch issues before they compound. If you have recently launched new content or made technical changes to your site, checking weekly for the first month helps you confirm that Google is processing those changes correctly and that no new errors have appeared.

Why are some of my pages showing as “not indexed” even though they have content?

Google may exclude a page from its index for several reasons beyond obvious errors. Thin content, duplicate content that closely mirrors another URL, too few internal links pointing to the page, or a noindex tag applied by mistake are the most common causes. The Coverage report in Search Console labels each exclusion type, which tells you exactly which issue to address rather than requiring you to guess.

What does average position in Search Console actually mean?

Average position reflects the mean ranking of your page for a given query across all searches within your selected date range. A page averaging position 6 for a keyword ranked as high as 3 on some days and as low as 9 on others. It is a directional metric best used to spot trends over time. A steady downward trend in average position is a clear signal to revisit the page, while gradual improvement confirms your SEO work is having an effect.

Can Search Console tell me why my rankings dropped?

Search Console shows you when and how much rankings changed but does not directly explain why. To diagnose a drop, cross-reference your Performance report date comparison with the Coverage report for new errors and Google’s public algorithm update history. According to Google Search Status Dashboard, documented updates are publicly listed. Matching a ranking drop to a known update date narrows down whether the issue is technical, content-related, or algorithm-driven.

Is Google Search Console enough on its own for measuring SEO success?

Search Console covers the most important direct SEO signals: rankings, impressions, indexing status, and technical performance. Paired with Google Analytics for traffic and conversion data, it gives you a complete picture of measuring SEO success without any paid tools. Third-party platforms add value for competitive analysis and backlink monitoring, but for tracking your own site’s performance and identifying what to fix next, Search Console handles the core of it effectively.

Watch: How to Find SEO Keywords with Search Console

What this video covers

  • 0:00 — What This Training Covers
  • 1:14 — Jeremy’s Background and PushLeads Origin
  • 1:33 — What Google Search Console Is
  • 2:14 — Search Console Shows Only Your Local Neighborhood
  • 3:16 — Four Levels of Local Search Visibility
  • 4:27 — How to Export Keywords from GSC
  • 6:28 — Reading the Exported Spreadsheet
  • 8:36 — Spot-Checking Rankings with Ad Preview Tool
  • 10:32 — Tracking Keywords in SEMrush
  • 12:58 — Deleting Zero-Traffic Keywords
  • 14:09 — Running a Free Scan at PushLeads.com
Full video transcript

Let’s jump right into it. This training is about how to find SEO keywords with Google Search Console. I’m going to go through a quick PowerPoint and then we’ll get into the tool itself.

For those of you who don’t know me, this is going out to my Facebook and YouTube. My background is in graphic design. I worked for an ad agency when I first graduated, and then for a number of years I worked for an executive recruiter here in Asheville, where I’m based. On the side I started building websites and learning how to get them to the top of Google. One of my experiments was really successful — actually a lot of them were — but one in particular reached the top of Google around 2007 and 2008 and was generating about $20,000 of business a month. I thought, this is pretty exciting, I’m going to start doing web design and helping clients show up in Google. So I created PushLeads, did some online mentoring for the first couple of years, and have really been working with local companies for the last seven or eight years doing digital marketing. That’s my background. Now let’s get into Google Search Console.

What is Google Search Console? Google provides a lot of different tools, and one of them is called Google Search Console. It’s a free tool. Essentially, Google Search Console tells you how people are finding you in Google. That’s really important because it helps you find the keywords people are searching for. For example, I do SEO — showing up in Google — so if I want to know how people are finding me, I need to find out what they’re looking for. "SEO services" or "Asheville SEO" are examples of keywords people search for. Google Search Console also shows you what people are clicking on.

One important thing to note is that Google Search Console only shows you local searches — specifically your neighborhood, not your whole city. Let me show you what I mean. Here’s a map of Asheville. My company is based in East Asheville, and when you use Google Search Console, you essentially have a bubble — a neighborhood — within your city where it shows you ranking data. So Google Search Console is showing me where I’m ranking in that neighborhood. If I wanted to know where I rank across all of Asheville, Google Search Console will not show you that.

There are really four different levels that people care about when it comes to showing up in Google. First is your neighborhood. Second is your city. Third is other cities — Asheville, Greenville, Charlotte, Spartanburg, Knoxville, for example. Most of the companies I work with just care about showing up in one city, not multiple. But some clients want to show up in multiple cities. The fourth level is nationwide. I have a client in California who wants to show up nationwide for a line of high-quality makeup lighting products, so we’re tracking nationwide for them. But as I said, most clients just care about one city.

Just be aware that when you set up Google Search Console, it’s only going to show you where you rank in your neighborhood. You can find keywords from that data and then use other tools to track where you stand across your full city.

So let’s talk about how to find keywords in Google Search Console. What you’re going to do is log in. If you’ve never done that and don’t know what I’m talking about, just Google "Search Console" and click the first result. If you’ve never used the tool before, you’ll need to connect your website or domain to Google Search Console, which involves a couple of technical steps to verify ownership. Once it’s set up, you open your domain — my domain is PushLeads, for my business — and then you click on the Performance tab. From there I’m going to compare the last 28 days to the previous period.

Here’s the Performance tab. I click on the date range selector and choose "Compare last 28 days to previous period." What this tells me is that I received 22 clicks this month versus last month. I can also see what people searched for down in the query list. But what we really care about is not what’s on that screen — it’s the Export button. We’re going to export this as an Excel spreadsheet, which opens up a file we can then dig into.

Once you have the spreadsheet, you’re going to filter it and sort by the last 28 days. Here’s the spreadsheet — I’ve already sorted it. You can sort by one of several columns. I sort by "Last 28 days — Position," which tells you where you’re ranking in Google in your neighborhood over that period. When I sort smallest to largest, I ignore the zeros and go down to the first real results.

These are all actual searches: "Asheville SEO service," "best digital agency," "small business marketing companies," "local SEO firms," "Asheville SEO PPC," "Asheville SEO services Asheville North Carolina." These are all real queries people typed into Google. I can go down the list and highlight the ones that matter. "Digital marketing agency," "digital marketing company," "internet marketing agency" — I can highlight those. If I were a plumber, I’d highlight "plumbing web design" and similar terms. Some of these don’t apply at all — "collection agency," "best collection agency," "Google algorithm update" — I don’t care about those keywords. I care about searches that are relevant to my business, like "online marketing companies." So I highlight the ones that matter and then I can check where I rank — not just in my neighborhood, but across all of Asheville.

The tool for that is called the Ad Preview and Diagnostics tool. You can tell an engineer named it. I put my search in there and I can see the map results — I’m seeing Maps listings, I see White Fox, another company, and then me. So I’m number three in Maps for that search. In the organic results I’m number seven. So for that particular search I’m showing up at position three in Maps and position seven in organic. The goal of SEO is to show up in as many map searches as possible — ideally in the top three — and also in the regular organic results. White Fox is showing up in both Maps and organic, so they’re getting the lion’s share of the traffic. That’s fine — we’ll work on that.

This applies to any business. If you’re a psychotherapist — I have a new client who is a psychotherapist — she cares about keywords like "psychotherapist" or "EMDR therapy." I have a local plumber who cares about "Asheville plumbing" and "Asheville plumber." The process is the same: find all these keywords, make a list, and spot-check them with that tool.

Now, for those of us who do SEO for a living and have 15 to 20 ongoing clients or more, we use tools to track this automatically instead of checking manually. One of the best tools I’ve found is SEMrush. It runs about $100 to $200 a month, though it may be cheaper if you’re only tracking one business. In SEMrush you can open your project, click "View All Keywords," and see your positions over time.

Looking at the last 30 days, I can see that on April 10th I had a visibility score of about 6.59%. Visibility is a metric that runs on a scale of 0 to 100. Most people have somewhere around 2% to 10% visibility. I’ve gone from 6% visibility up to 16%, and part of that has been blogging, but there are other things we’ve been doing as well to push rankings up. As my rankings have improved, we’ve gone from getting one or two calls a month to about 5 to 15 calls a month. More leads are the whole point. We practice what we preach — we do our own SEO — and you can see the difference right there in the data.

What I can do next is take the keywords I highlighted in the spreadsheet, filter by color, and add them to my SEMrush keyword tracker. I just added another 22 keywords to the project. SEMrush will now track all of them and factor them into my visibility score. What we really care about is getting as many of those keywords as possible to the top of Google.

After adding the keywords, I let SEMrush refresh — it takes about a minute — and then I look at the volume column. Some of these keywords have no search volume at all. For example, "local SEO services North Carolina" shows zero volume, so I can delete that keyword. I scroll through and delete any keyword where nobody is actually searching for that term. Nobody is searching for "SEO agency Asheville," nobody is searching for "SEO company Asheville," nobody is searching for "Asheville PPC" — so I delete those. This is actually one of the things I’ve noticed when talking to other people who say they do SEO: if you’re optimizing for terms that nobody is actually searching for in Google, what’s the point?

So to recap the whole process: use Google Search Console to export your keyword data, sort by position, highlight the relevant terms, spot-check your rankings manually with the Ad Preview and Diagnostics tool, or load them into SEMrush to track everything automatically. Then clean out any keywords with zero search volume.

If you have any questions, feel free to leave a comment below this video or reach out to me directly. You can also go to PushLeads.com, where you’ll see a free scan tool. Just put in your URL, your search phrase, and your name or email, hit "Scan Now," and the tool will show you how well your website is performing for that search phrase. The results get emailed to you, and from there we can have a conversation.

I’m Jeremy Ashburn with PushLeads — we play in traffic.

Watch: Understanding Google Search Console for SEO

What this video covers

  • 0:00 — What Google Search Console Is
  • 1:32 — GSC Overview Tab Explained
  • 2:36 — Performance Tab Clicks and Impressions
  • 3:48 — Why Google Hides Most Click Data
  • 4:17 — Reading Top Queries in GSC
  • 5:38 — Exporting GSC Data to Excel
  • 6:26 — Sorting Keywords by Position Change
  • 8:00 — Adding Keywords to SEMrush Tracking
Full video transcript

Hey, I’m Jeremy with PushLeads, and I help small businesses get more leads without struggle or frustration. What I want to do in this video is show you what Google Search Console is and how you can use it to find new search phrases you can show up for in Google.

The first thing is to explain what Google Search Console is. GSC is essentially a tool that Google provides to track what’s going on with your website — but primarily to track how people are finding you in Google. If you have a new business, an existing business, or someone working for you doing SEO, they’re probably using this tool. It’s great for discovering how people are finding you.

You may have heard of Google Analytics. That tool shows you what’s happening on your site — where people are going once they arrive. GSC is different. In this video we’re focused on Search Console, so to get there just search "Search Console" and click "Start now." If you haven’t set it up before, you’ll need to add a property, but we’re not going to cover that here.

What I’m showing you right now is what’s happening inside one of my current client accounts. These guys do bathroom renovation, primarily in the Asheville area. They’re called Two-Day Bath and Shower — they’ll essentially renovate your whole bathroom in about two days. They’re paying me to do SEO to get them to the top of Google for bathroom renovation and related terms.

Within GSC, once you log in, select your property on the left-hand side. If you have multiple properties, choose the right one. Generally the first thing I do is look at the Overview tab, which shows you where clicks are coming from, how many pages are showing up in Google, and things like that. But really what I want to draw your attention to is the Performance tab.

The Performance tab is where you find out what people are actually searching when they find you. I click Compare and set it to the last 28 days versus the previous period — so this month versus last month. As of the time of this recording, around January 2025, we have 99 clicks in the last 28 days and we had 69 clicks in December. We’re also showing up for a total of 2,700 impressions. Impressions are when someone sees you in Google but doesn’t necessarily click through to your website. The average CTR — clickthrough rate — is about 4%, meaning 4% of impressions result in an actual click. The average position is also shown, but honestly the metric I pay the most attention to is simply how many clicks you’re getting this month versus last month.

Before I continue, I want to explain something. Google does not like to tell you where all your data comes from — and I know, it’s a love-hate relationship. Google tracks every click and knows exactly where they all come from, but they only show you the source of maybe 10% of them. So you can see the queries that drove traffic, but only a fraction of the total picture.

Scrolling down, we can look at the top queries — these are the actual searches people typed into Google when they found this client. I can see 17 clicks on their brand name, Two-Day Bath and Shower, this month versus 14 last month. Bathroom remodel had three clicks this month versus zero last month. Bathroom remodel Asheville had three clicks versus zero last month. If I add up the visible numbers, I’m probably looking at around 30 of the 99 total clicks. A lot of the time we have to use our intuition to infer where the rest of the clicks are coming from, based on where the site is ranking in Google.

As I scroll further down I start hitting zeros — for example, "bathroom renovation services" shows zero clicks. But if that search is ranking at the top of Google, I can guarantee it had some clicks. That’s exactly why we export this data.

I’ll scroll back up, click Export, and download the Excel file. This gives me a spreadsheet of all the searches from the last month. I’m a bit of a spreadsheet geek, so what I do is put a filter on the data and sort by clicks from smallest to largest. Then I expand the columns so I can read everything clearly.

Here’s an example term: "bathroom remodel showrooms near me." They don’t actually have a showroom, but I’m using it to illustrate the process. Column A is the search query. The next columns show clicks this month versus last month, impressions, and then position in Google. Last month the position was zero, meaning it wasn’t showing up anywhere in the first ten pages of Google. This month it’s at position one — meaning it’s showing up at the top of Google in Arden, North Carolina, where this client is based, probably within about a two-mile radius. So if you were in that radius and searched for that term, you’d find these guys.

It’s great to know we’re ranking for that term, but to find out exactly where we stand across the whole city of Arden, Asheville, or wherever you’re targeting, we need to take this data into a rank-tracking tool like SEMrush. SEMrush tells us precisely where we rank for each keyword across the full service area.

So I go down the list and highlight the terms I think are important for this client. I’ve highlighted about 10 to 15 terms — things like "remodel bathroom shower," "bathroom improvements near me," and "bathroom renovations." Looking at some of these, a lot of them were at zero last month and are now at the top of Google. Bathroom construction moved from position four to position three. Bathroom reconstruction moved from the middle of page two all the way to the top of page one. That’s ten positions on a page, so that’s a meaningful jump.

Once I’ve highlighted enough terms, I filter by color, copy those rows, and paste the keywords into SEMrush. Inside SEMrush I paste them in as new keywords to track and click "Add keywords to campaign." It then starts tracking those ten additional keywords. After I hit Save it takes about an hour, but after that I can see exactly where we rank for each of those terms in Asheville, North Carolina, on a mobile phone — or whatever location and device you’re tracking.

Hopefully this has been useful. If you’re doing SEO, make sure you’re doing this. And if you’re working with an SEO person, I really recommend sitting down with them and asking them to walk you through something like this. They should be able to show you this kind of data. I’m Jeremy with PushLeads — it’s all about getting more leads with less struggle and effort. Thanks.